J Magn Reson Imaging
50
:
1742-1753
2019
.

Additive value of diffusion-weighted MRI in the I-SPY 2 TRIAL

Li W, Newitt DC, Wilmes LJ, Jones EF, Arasu V, Gibbs J, La Yun B, Li E, Partridge SC, Kornak J; I-SPY 2 Consortium, Esserman LJ, Hylton NM

BACKGROUND:
The change in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measured from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has been shown to be predictive of pathologic complete response (pCR) for patients with locally invasive breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

PURPOSE:
To investigate the additive value of tumor ADC in a multicenter clinical trial setting.

STUDY TYPE:
Retrospective analysis of multicenter prospective data.

POPULATION:
In all, 415 patients who enrolled in the I-SPY 2 TRIAL from 2010 to 2014 were included.

FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE:
1.5T or 3T MRI system using a fat-suppressed single-shot echo planar imaging sequence with b-values of 0 and 800 s/mm2 for DWI, followed by a T1-weighted sequence for dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) performed at pre-NAC (T0), after 3 weeks of NAC (T1), mid-NAC (T2), and post-NAC (T3).

ASSESSMENT:
Functional tumor volume and tumor ADC were measured at each MRI exam; pCR measured at surgery was assessed as the binary outcome. Breast cancer subtype was defined by hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status.

STATISTICAL TESTS:
A logistic regression model was used to evaluate associations between MRI predictors with pCR. The cross-validated area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the predictive performance of the model with and without ADC.

RESULTS:
In all, 354 patients (128 HR+/HER2-, 60 HR+/HER2+, 34 HR-/HER2+, 132 HR-/HER2-) were included in the analysis. In the full cohort, adding ADC predictors increased the AUC from 0.76 to 0.78 at mid-NAC and from 0.76 to 0.81 at post-NAC. In HR/HER2 subtypes, the AUC increased from 0.52 to 0.65 at pre-NAC for HR+/HER2-, from 0.67 to 0.73 at mid-NAC and from 0.72 to 0.76 at post-NAC for HR+/HER2+, from 0.71 to 0.81 at post-NAC for triple negatives.

DATA CONCLUSION:
The addition of ADC to standard functional tumor volume MRI showed improvement in the prediction of treatment response in HR+ and triple-negative breast cancer.

doi link
pdf